Michigan FOIA

The FOIA procedures every Michigan public body must publish

This is the FOIA obligation with the sharpest teeth and the least attention: without published procedures, guidelines, and a public summary, your office may not charge a single FOIA fee. Here is what the documents must contain, and a template to adopt.

Published July 11, 2026 · Dekree
The statutory facts
The requirement
Written procedures and guidelines + a plain-language public summary (MCL 15.234(4))
Where they must appear
On the website if the body maintains one; free copies with each written response and on request (a direct link can substitute)
The fee form
A detailed itemization covering all six fee components of MCL 15.234(1)(a)-(f)
The teeth
A noncompliant body may not require deposits or charge ANY fee until it complies

The quiet requirement with the loud consequence

Most FOIA attention goes to deadlines and exemptions. But buried in the fee section is the obligation that costs offices the most money when it is missed. MCL 15.234(4) requires every public body to establish procedures and guidelines for implementing the Act and to create a written public summary, in language a requester can actually understand, explaining how to submit a request, how to read the responses, how deposits work, how fees are calculated, and how to challenge or appeal.

The consequence for skipping it is not a fine. It is worse: a body that has not complied may not require a deposit or charge any fee at all until it does. A township processing a records request that takes twenty hours of search and redaction labor recovers nothing, on every request, until the documents exist and are available the way the statute says.

What belongs in the procedures and guidelines

A compliant document walks through the life of a request:

  • Who processes requests. Name the FOIA coordinator role (MCL 15.236 requires cities, villages, townships, counties, and state departments to designate one; see the coordinator guide) and where requests go: office address, email, portal.
  • The response timeline. Five business days, the one 10-business-day extension, and the electronic receipt rule (MCL 15.235). State them the way your office actually counts them.
  • How fees are calculated. The six components of MCL 15.234(1), labor in 15-minute increments at the lowest-paid-capable-employee wage, the fringe limit, and the 10-cent page cap. Reference your itemization form.
  • Deposits. Up to 50% when the estimate exceeds $50 (MCL 15.234(8)), the best-efforts time estimate that must accompany it, and the 45-day abandonment rule (MCL 15.234(14)).
  • Waivers. The $20 waiver for requesters who submit an affidavit of indigency and for designated nonprofit advocacy organizations (MCL 15.234(2)).
  • Denials and appeals. The requester’s two paths after a denial: a written appeal to the head of the public body, or circuit court (MCL 15.240), plus the separate fee-appeal track (MCL 15.240a).
  • Availability. Where these documents live: office and website.

The public summary is not the same document

The summary is the version written for the person on the other side of the counter: one page, plain words, no subsection numbers doing the talking. How do I ask? What will it cost? When will I hear back? What can I do if you say no? A good test is to hand it to someone outside government and ask them to explain the process back to you. The statute requires it to be written specifically so a requester can understand the procedures, which means the summary fails its purpose the moment it reads like the ordinance that adopted it.

Getting compliant this week

Adopt the documents (many boards do this by resolution), publish both to the website on a page a requester can find, put the direct link in your response templates so every written response carries it, and print a small stack for the counter. Then check the fee form: if your office bills from a single "copying and labor" line, move to the itemized six-component worksheet before the next invoice goes out. The companion guide to the math itself is the Michigan FOIA fee guide.

How Dekree handles this

Dekree generates the procedures, the public summary, and the itemized fee worksheet from your organization’s profile, keeps them posted on your public portal where every response links them automatically, and enforces the statutory caps inside the fee calculation itself. When the law changes, the documents update with it.

See it on a 20-minute demo

Common questions

What FOIA documents is a Michigan public body required to publish?

Under MCL 15.234(4): written procedures and guidelines for processing requests, plus a written public summary in plain language covering how to submit a request, how to understand the responses, deposit requirements, how fees are calculated, and how to challenge or appeal. If the body maintains a website, both must be posted on it.

What happens if we never adopted these documents?

The statute removes your fee authority: a public body that has not complied with the procedures-and-guidelines requirement may not require deposits and may not charge any fee until it complies. Every hour of search and redaction labor on every request is unrecoverable until the documents exist.

Do we have to mail paper copies with every response?

Free copies of the procedures, guidelines, and summary must accompany each written response and be available on request at the office, but a website link can substitute for the paper copies if the response includes the specific link to the documents.

Is there a required fee form?

Yes in substance: the public body must use a standard form that details the fee with all six cost components itemized (the state publishes one; a body may use its own equivalent). Charging from an unitemized lump sum is how fee appeals are lost.

This article is educational information for Michigan public bodies, current as of the publication date. It is not legal advice, and statutes and court decisions change. Confirm specifics with your municipal attorney. Statute text: legislature.mi.gov.

Dekree keeps these documents generated, current, and posted.

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